Juridical Aspects
This is a description of the different types of start-ups that can be created:
Limited-liability one-man business (EURL)
Key assets
• Simple (1 partner) and limited costs • Tax transparency possible
Managers: 1 manager who is a partner or not
Minimum capital: 7,500 € Partners / shareholders: only 1 Blocking minority: None Liability of partners or shareholders: Limited to contributions Tax regime: Corporate tax or income tax
Limited-liability company (SARL)
Key assets: Simple to set up and operate for a closed structure
Managers: 1 or several partners, who may be partners or not
Minimum capital: 7,500 € Partners / shareholders: 2 to 50 Blocking minority: 1/4 of the shares + 1 Liability of partners or shareholders: Limited to contributions Tax regime: Corporate tax
Limited company (SA)
Key assets
• Structured for “monitored delegation” • Organization of the capital
Managers
• 3 directors minimum including the Chairman, or • 1 board of directors and 1 supervisory board
Minimum capital: 37,000 € Partners / shareholders: 7 minimum Blocking minority: 1/3 of the shares + 1 Liability of partners or shareholders: Limited to contributions Tax regime: Corporate tax
Partnership limited by shares
Key assets
• Structured for a high degree of delegation • Organization of the capital
Managers: 1 or several managers who may be partners or not
Minimum capital: 37,000 €
Partners / shareholders: 1 partner plus 3 silent partners minimum Liability of partners or shareholders :
• Partners: Undetermined and joint liability • Silent partners: Limited to contributions
Tax regime :Corporate tax
Simplified joint-stock company (SAS)
Key assets
• Great freedom • 1 partner minimum • statutory arrangements possible
Managers: 1 Chairman (possibility to provide for a board which he heads)
Minimum capital: 37,000 €
Partners / shareholders: 1 minimum, natural person or legal entity Blocking minority: Statutory freedom Liability of partners or shareholders: Limited to contributions
Tax regime: Corporate tax